Steps of a thorough Guitar Tuning

Tuning with a tuner (like below) is as easy as playing the string and matching the tune of the note played with that played by the corresponding string on your guitar. Its fast and reliable and is the best option for beginners who haven't had much ear training.

Not considering the masters, who can easily tune a guitar without any aid, tuning without some sort of a tuner can be improved upon if, you tune your guitar as follows:

In the presence of a guitar tuner or a standard pitch reed, just play the note and tune each string to the note using your ears and the Beat Test as described above.

If you don't have a tuner, and even after you have used any tuning instrument, do the following:

Set 1:
the 6th string in open position (E note) to the 5th string open position (A note);
the 5th string in open position (A note) to the 4th string open position (D note);
the 4th string in open position (D note) to the 3rd string open position (G note);
the 3rd string in open position (G note) to the 2nd string open position (B note); and finally,
the 2nd string in open position (B note) to the 1st string open position (E note);

Set 2: (optional)
the 1st string in open position to the 5th fret of the 2nd string - E notes;
the 2nd string in open position to the 4th fret of the 3rd string - B notes;
the 3rd string in open position to the 5th fret of the 4th string - G notes;
the 4th string in open position to the 5th fret of the 5th string - D notes; and finally,
the 5th string in open position to the 5th fret of the 6th string - A notes.

Set 3: (optional)
the 1st string in 7th fret to the 2nd string in open position - E notes;
the 2nd string in 8th fret to the 3rd string in open position - B notes;
the 3rd string in 7th fret to the 4th string in open position - G notes;
the 4th string in 7th fret to the 5th string in open position - D notes; and finally,
the 5th string in 7th fret to the 6th string in open position - A notes.

Set 4: (optional)
Start with - 2nd string open with 1st string 7th fret.
6th string open with 1st string open - E notes;
5th string 2nd fret with 2nd string open - B notes;
4th string 2nd fret with 1st string open - E notes;
3rd string open with 1st string 3rd fret - G notes;

Finally,
Play a few chords to test out your tuning.


How To Tune A Guitar Scientifically:

• Physics of Guitar Tuning
• Beats - Why Do We Get Beats?
• Phase Difference and Harmonics
• Importance of Phase Difference
• The Bend Test - Beats
• Steps of a thorough Tuning (reading)

http://basicmusictheory.blogspot.com/2008/12/how-to-tune-guitar-scientifically-steps.html

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Steps of a thorough Guitar Tuning