Musical Modes - w.r.t. Scales - :Ionian, Dorian, Phrygian, Lydian, Mixolydian, Aeolian, Locarian

Modes, in modern music theory, basically refer to a way of playing the major scales. A major scale (which is heptatonic) has seven notes and the tonic note of the next octave comes back. When the interval pattern of the major scale (extended to other octaves) is taken and the tonic note is changed, a mode of that major scale results. Thus, we can see that there are seven possible modes including the one where the major chord is played as is. Again all major and minor scales may have degrees, but only major scales have modes.
These modes are equivalent to the Degrees of the Major Scales, as discussed above. Below is a list of these modes based on the C major scale. Often the modes are written in the format “Mode name Degree number” like Lydian IV or Dorian II.

Deg.   Mode       Played w.r.t.   Structure
       Name       C major scale   of Intervals   Akin to Scale 

I     Ionian      C D E F G A B   2-2-1-2-2-2-1  Major
II    Dorian      D E F G A B C   2-1-2-2-2-1-2  Natural Minor (VI#)
III   Phrygian    E F G A B C D   1-2-2-2-1-2-1  Natural Minor (IIb)
IV    Lydian      F G A B C D E   2-2-2-1-2-1-2  Major with (IV#)
V     Mixolydian  G A B C D E F   2-2-1-2-1-2-2  Major with (VIIb)
VI    Aeolian     A B C D E F G   2-1-2-1-2-2-2  Natural Minor
VII   Locarian    B C D E F G A   1-2-1-2-2-2-1  Diminished

Thus the sequence of intervals between the notes being played remains the same 2-2-1-2-2-2-1 in and extended way: 2-2-1-2-2-2-1-2-2-1-2-2-2-1

Other examples:
G major scale is composed of G, A, B, C, D, E, F#, (G) in that order.
So, G major in Dorian mode (i.e. II) will be played as A, B, C, D, E, F#, G, A

E major scale is composed of E, F#, G#, A, B, C#, D#, (E) in that order.
So, E major in Aeolian mode (i.e. VI) will be played as D#, E, F#, G#, A, B, C#

F# major scale is composed of F#, G#, A#, B, C#, D#, F, (F#) in that order.
So, the F# major in Locarian mode (i.e. VII) will be played as F, F#, G#, A#, B, C#, D#, F

Types of Modes: Some modes correspond to certain major or minor scales either purely or when one of the corresponding scale’s degrees is modified (as noted above). These types are:

•Major Modes: These are modes that grossly correspond to major scales
•Minor Modes: These are modes that grossly correspond to minor scales
•Diminished Modes: These are modes that grossly correspond to diminished scales
http://basicmusictheory.blogspot.com/2009/09/musical-modes-wrt-scales-ionian-dorian.html

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