Common Non-Note Symbols Used in the Staff:
These denote when and how a note is played or for how long a quiet space (rest) is maintained.
Staff Lines: The basic frame-work upon which the notations are placed
Ledger Lines: Used to extend the staff lines to accommodate higher and lower pitches.
Bar Lines: Used to separate measures (units of time on a staff) – according to rhythm,
Double Bar Lines: Used to separate two different sections or segments of a music piece.
Dotted Bar Lines: Divides long measures into shorter segments for easy reading.
The G-Clef (Treble Clef): Indicates that the 2nd line – on which it sits – represents the G note.
The Octave Clef (shown as a variant of G-Clef lowered by an octave):
An 8 or a 15 above a clef raises the intended pitch range by 1 or 2 octaves respectively. Similarly, an 8 or a 15 below a clef lowers the pitch range by 1 or 2 octaves respectively.
The C-Clef (Alto or Tenor Clef): This middle of the clef points to the line representing the middle C.
The F-Clef (Bass Clef): The dots of the clef are placed above and below the line representing the
Middle C is approximately 262 Hz
Guitarists need not bother much about clefs other than the G-clef, but its always good to know things and get clear concepts. The Time and Key are discussed in later chapters as they need some building up to.
http://basicmusictheory.blogspot.com/2008/11/common-symbols-used-in-staff.html
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